Chapter 1 Worksheet for: Alfaro-LeFevre, R. (2020) Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment: A Practical Approach, 7th Ed. (http://www.alfaroteachsmart.com/books.html) 

What Are Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment?

This chapter at a glance….

Critical thinking: Behind every healed patient
Critical thinking: not simply being critical
Rewards of learning to think critically
21st Century nurse skills
How this book helps you improve thinking
Brain-based Learning
Organized for novices and experts
Describing critical thinking
Thinking versus critical thinking
The best definition
A synonym: Reasoning
Common critical thinking descriptions
Clinical reasoning, critical thinking, decision-making and judgment
Critical thinking versus nursing process  
Applied definition: Thinking in the clinical setting
Interprofessional clinical practice and reasoning 
Problem-focused versus outcome-focused thinking
What about common sense?
What do critical thinkers look like?
Critical thinking indicators (CTIs)
What’s familiar and what’s new?
What’s familiar
Problem-solving 
Analyzing
Decision-making
Scientific method
What’s new
Emotional intelligence (EI) / Emotional quotient (EQ)
So-called “soft skills” aren’t soft
Right-brain and left-brain thinking
Maximizing human potential		     
Mapping as a strategy to teach and learn
Changing how we view mistakes
Preparing for “What-if” scenarios
Evidence-based thinking
Measuring outcomes (results)
Collaborative thinking
Relating on a “human level” matters
4-Circle CT model: get the picture? 
Thinking ahead, thinking-in-action, and thinking back (reflecting).
Putting it all together

Learning outcomes

After completing this chapter, you should be able to:

1.	Compare and contrast thinking and critical thinking.
2.	Explain (or map) how communication, critical thinking, clinical reasoning, clinical judgment, decision-making, problem-solving, and nursing process are related to one another.
3.	Explain why nursing process gives the foundation for clinical reasoning and passing the NCLEX® and other standard tests.
4.	Address the importance of gaining 21st Century Nursing Skills and Quality and Safety for Nursing Education (QSEN) competences. 
5.	Describe how healthy workplaces, learning cultures, and safety cultures, and support critical thinking.
6.	Describe key elements of interprofessional practice.
7.	Explain (or map) the reasoning phases represented by the acronym ADPIE or AAPIE. 
8.	Discuss how ADPIE relates to interprofessional clinical reasoning, nursing process, National Council Licensure Examinations (NCLEX®), and certification exams.
9.	Describe (or map) critical thinking is related to the scientific method and problem-solving method. 
10.	Compare and contrast problem-focused thinking and outcome-focused thinking. 
11.	Define the term personal critical thinking indicator (CTI).
12.	Explain why interpersonal skills are as important as clinical skills.  
13.	Use CTIs and, together with the 4-Circle CT model, to identify five critical thinking characteristics or skills you’d like to improve.
14.	Compare and contrast thinking ahead, thinking-in-action, and thinking back.
Key concepts
ADPIE; AAPIE; clinical judgment; clinical reasoning; critical thinking; critical thinking indicators; 4-Circle CT Model; communication; decision-making; healthy workplace; interprofessional reasoning and practice; learning culture; nursing process; outcomes; problem-solving method; scientific method; patient engagement; safety culture; stakeholders